The ketogenic diet is currently popular. How would the ketogenic diet work?

A ketogenic diet primarily consists of high fats, moderate proteins, and very low carbohydrates. When carbohydrate intake is very low gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis will be initiated. During ketogenesis due to low blood glucose feedback, the stimulus for insulin secretion is also low, which sharply reduces the stimulus for fat and glucose storage.

Look at the chemical reaction below. This is the carbonic anhydrase reaction that occurs in many cells in the body. It is very useful reaction to remember.
H+ + HCO3-  <--> H2O + CO2
A homeostatic mechanism in our body keeps the carbon dioxide levels in the blood stable by increasing ventilation (i.e. respiratory efforts) when carbon dioxide levels increase. Why is this necessary? What effect would diabetic ketoacidosis have on respiration?

We need to regulate the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood because it directly relates to the pH: more carbon dioxide means more protons i.e. lower pH. We must regulate pH in order to maintain normal enzyme function. Diabetic ketoacidosis will increase the number of protons in the blood and the carbonic anhydrase reaction will convert some of these protons to carbon dioxide. The increased carbon dioxide will stimulate ventilation, so breathing will be increased.