Week 6 Lectorial Questions

Q1. Describe the main function of the cerebellum and brainstem. (100 words or fewer) (2 marks)

Q2. Explain the role of myelin in the nervous system and investigate the reasons why demyelination affects nerve function. (100 words or fewer) (2 marks)

Maintaining the correct concentrations of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium and calcium in the body is essential for normal function.

Q3. Explain why the relative concentrations of sodium and potassium ions between the intra-and extra-cellular fluids is important for nerve function. (50 words or fewer) (1 mark)

Q4. Describe what is meant by the “threshold potential" of a nerve cell. (50 words or fewer) (1 mark)

Q5. Beta-blockers are commonly used in the treatment of heart failure.  Explain how they slow the heart rate and why they benefit patients. (75 words or fewer) (2 mark)

Abnormal electrolyte concentrations in the blood can be caused by a wide variety of problems. For example, insulin shifts potassium from the extracellular to the intracellular fluid. Insulin overdoses can cause hypokalaemia (low blood potassium concentration).

Q6. Compare and contrast the effects of hypokalaemia and hyperkalaemia (elevated blood potassium concentration) on nerve function and explain why they occur. (100 words or fewer) (2 marks)